Upgrading A Database Using Recovery Manager (RMAN) Duplicate Command In Oracle 12c

Introduction

Using this feature we can duplicate a database.

Introduction

For versions of Oracle 11gR2, Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN) replicates a database to a different Oracle home and opens it with NORESET LOGS option. From Oracle 12cR1, database RMAN introduced an option called ‘NO OPEN’, which duplicates your database to a new location and keeps it in an unopened state. Using this feature we can duplicate a database to more recent target database version, allowing us to update our existing database to the most recent version.

RMAN duplicate command using backup:

Duplicate process can make use of an existing source database backup. All backup pieces should be kept in the same location and the location should be same for both source and destination.

Configuring the source server:
•Switch the source database to archive log mode if it is not already:

SQL> select log_mode from v$database;

In the mount state change the LOG mode of the database:

SQL> alter database archivelog;

Execute the pre-upgrade script at source database server and make necessary changes for upgrade.
Pre-upgrade script (Preupgrd.sql, utluppkg.sql) is located at: /rdbms/admin

• Copy the file(s) to source Oracle home and execute it as ‘SYS’ user. This will validate the source database and provide recommendations for performing the upgrade process. This is a mandatory step for the upgrade process.

• Take a full backup of the source database including archive logs. A RMAN full database backup has to be taken. Your database can be either in the "OPEN" or "MOUNT" state. Use following commands:

RMAN> connect target / catalog <catalog_schema>/<password>@<catalog database>
RMAN> backup database including archivelog;

This will generate a backup set.

Create pfile from spfile:

SQL> create pfile from spfile;

Move your database backup and the backup of pfile to the target database server.

Configuring the Target Database Server
• Create a password file for the database service

◦Orapwd file=<12c password file> password=<password for sys user>

• Make the necessary changes to the initialization file at target database server.

Change the compatible parameter value if it is recommended by pre-upgrade script.
• Start the database in nomount state:

SQL> startup nomount pfile=<modified pfile>

• Ensure that you keep the backup pieces at same location as the source database server. This is required as catalog has recorded the backup location.

• Execute the duplicate database command with the “NOOPEN” option using backup location:

RMAN> Connect target /
RMAN> Duplicate database to ‘DB12c’ noopen backup location
‘<location of backup>’;

•Start the database in upgrade mode with the reset logs option
SQL> alter database open resetlogs upgrade;
•Execute catupgrade script using catctl.pl script:
$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catctl.pl –n -l catupgrd.sql
•Check the database component status:
col comp_id format a10
col comp_name format a30
col version format a10
col status format a8
select substr(comp_id,1,15) comp_id,substr(comp_name,1,30) comp_name,substr(version,1,10) version,status
from dba_registry
•Make an entry in the listener file for database service.
•Create tnsnames.ora entry for the newly-created database service.
•Restart the listener.

Scenario: Upgrading an Oracle 10g database to an Oracle 12c database using the RMAN Duplicate method. The versions of source database and target database :
1.Source database: DB10g (10.2.0.5.0)
2.Target database: DB12c (12.1.0.1.0)

The Steps:
1.Switch the source database from No Archive Log Mode to Archive Log Mode if it is not already that way:
SYS:DB10g> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 876609536 bytes
Fixed Size 2100232 bytes
Variable Size 234882040 bytes
Database Buffers 633339904 bytes
Redo Buffers 6287360 bytes
Database mounted.
•Check the LOG Mode from v$database view
SYS:DB10g> select log_mode from v$database;
LOG_MODE
----------------
NOARCHIVELOG
SYS:DB10g> alter database archivelog;
Database altered.
•Check the LOG Mode after converting from v$database view
SYS:DB10g> select log_mode from v$database;
LOG_MODE
------------
ARCHIVELOG
SYS:DB10g> alter database open;
Database altered.
2.Execute the pre-upgrade script at the source database server, review the output and make necessary changes for the upgrade.
SYS:DB10g> @preupgrd.sql
Loading Pre-Upgrade Package...
Executing Pre-Upgrade Checks...
Pre-Upgrade Checks Complete.

Results of the checks are located at:
/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/DB10g/preupgrade/preupgrade.log

Pre-Upgrade Fixup Script (run in source database environment):
/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/DB10g/preupgrade/preupgrade_fixups.sql

Post-Upgrade Fixup Script (run shortly after upgrade):
/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/DB10g/preupgrade/postupgrade_fixups.sql
************************************************************
Fixup scripts must be reviewed prior to being executed.
************************************************************
************************************************************
====>> USER ACTION REQUIRED <<==== ************************************************************ The following are Error level conditions that must be addressed prior to attempting your upgrade. Failure to do so will result in a failed upgrade: •Check Tag 1: COMPATIBLE_PARAMETER Check Summary: Verify that the compatible parameter value is valid Fixup Summary: ""compatible" parameter must be increased manually prior to upgrade." +++ Source Database Manual Action Required +++ You must resolve the above error prior to upgrade. The Minimum Compatible parameter value for Oracle 12c database is 11.1.0.0.0. This needs to be modified in the parameter file. Check /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/DB10g/preupgrade/preupgrade.log for recommended changes to the database for performing the upgrade. 3.Take full backup of the 10g database including archive logs: oracle@localhost:/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/rdbms/admin$ rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Fri Jun 12 18:21:21 2015 Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. connected to target database: DB10G (DBID=269577939) RMAN> backup database plus archivelog tag 'Full database backup';

Starting backup at 12-JUN-15
current log archived
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=143 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive log backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
input archive log thread=1 sequence=1 recid=19 stamp=882072342
input archive log thread=1 sequence=2 recid=20 stamp=882073330
input archive log thread=1 sequence=4 recid=21 stamp=882210136
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 12-JUN-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 12-JUN-15
piece handle=/oradata/DB10g/DB10G/backupset/2015_06_12/o1_mf_annnn_FULL_DATABASE_BACKUP_bqp8ttl8_.bkp tag=FULL DATABASE BACKUP comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive log backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
input archive log thread=1 sequence=11 recid=2 stamp=881380916
input archive log thread=1 sequence=12 recid=4 stamp=881380916
input archive log thread=1 sequence=13 recid=5 stamp=881380916
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 12-JUN-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 12-JUN-15
piece handle=/oradata/DB10g/DB10G/backupset/2015_06_12/o1_mf_annnn_FULL_DATABASE_BACKUP_bqp8v2mr_.bkp tag=FULL DATABASE BACKUP comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive log backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
input archive log thread=1 sequence=1 recid=7 stamp=881383026
input archive log thread=1 sequence=2 recid=8 stamp=881383027
input archive log thread=1 sequence=3 recid=9 stamp=881383032
input archive log thread=1 sequence=4 recid=10 stamp=881383032
input archive log thread=1 sequence=5 recid=11 stamp=881383035
input archive log thread=1 sequence=6 recid=12 stamp=881383035
input archive log thread=1 sequence=7 recid=13 stamp=881383038
input archive log thread=1 sequence=8 recid=17 stamp=881383308
input archive log thread=1 sequence=9 recid=18 stamp=881383308
input archive log thread=1 sequence=10 recid=16 stamp=881383307
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 12-JUN-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 12-JUN-15
piece handle=/oradata/DB10g/DB10G/backupset/2015_06_12/o1_mf_annnn_FULL_DATABASE_BACKUP_bqp8v4pz_.bkp tag=FULL DATABASE BACKUP comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive log backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
input archive log thread=1 sequence=1 recid=1 stamp=881380916
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 12-JUN-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 12-JUN-15
piece handle=/oradata/DB10g/DB10G/backupset/2015_06_12/o1_mf_annnn_FULL_DATABASE_BACKUP_bqp8v6s3_.bkp tag=FULL DATABASE BACKUP comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive log backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
input archive log thread=1 sequence=1 recid=3 stamp=881380916
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 12-JUN-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 12-JUN-15
piece handle=/oradata/DB10g/DB10G/backupset/2015_06_12/o1_mf_annnn_FULL_DATABASE_BACKUP_bqp8v8vq_.bkp tag=FULL DATABASE BACKUP comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 12-JUN-15

Starting backup at 12-JUN-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=/oradata/DB10g/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/oradata/DB10g/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/oradata/DB10g/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00004 name=/oradata/DB10g/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 12-JUN-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 12-JUN-15
piece handle=/oradata/DB10g/DB10G/backupset/2015_06_12/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150612T182233_bqp8vbp6_.bkp tag=TAG20150612T182233 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

including current control file in backupset

including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 12-JUN-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 12-JUN-15
piece handle=/oradata/DB10g/DB10G/backupset/2015_06_12/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150612T182233_bqp8wrnd_.bkp tag=TAG20150612T182233 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
Finished backup at 12-JUN-15

Starting backup at 12-JUN-15
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive log backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
input archive log thread=1 sequence=5 recid=22 stamp=882210203
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 12-JUN-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 12-JUN-15
piece handle=/oradata/DB10g/DB10G/backupset/2015_06_12/o1_mf_annnn_FULL_DATABASE_BACKUP_bqp8wwrc_.bkp tag=FULL DATABASE BACKUP comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 12-JUN-15
4.Created pfile from spfile:
SYS:DB10g> create pfile from spfile;
File created.
5.Move the Oracle 10g database backup and pfile to target database server.

Create a password file for database service. The database name can be different from the source database server.
oracle@localhost:~$ export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0
oracle@localhost:~$ export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
oracle@localhost:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbs$ orapwd file=orapwDB12c password=syspwd entries=5
oracle@localhost:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbs$ ls -lrt orapwDB12c
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 5120 Jun 12 18:28 orapwDB12c
6.Make the necessary changes to the initialization file at target database server. Change the compatible parameter value if it is recommended by the Pre-upgrade script. For Oracle 12c, the minimum required compatible parameter value is 11.1.0.0.0.
oracle@localhost:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbs$ cat initDB12c.ora

*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/DB12c/adump'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle/diag'
*.compatible='12.1.0.1.0'
*.control_files='/oradata/DB12c/control01.ctl','/oradata/DB12c/control02.ctl','/oradata/DB12c/control03.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='DB12c'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=1073741824
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oradata/DB12c'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=DB12cXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=291504128
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=876609536
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.db_file_name_convert='/oradata/DB10g','/oradata/DB12c/data'
*.log_file_name_convert='/oradata/DB10g','/oradata/DB12c/log'
7.Start the database in NOMOUNT state using pfile.
oracle@localhost:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbs$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Fri Jun 12 18:38:25 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SYS:DB12c> startup nomount pfile=initDB12c.ora
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 872685568 bytes
Fixed Size 2293680 bytes
Variable Size 289407056 bytes
Database Buffers 574619648 bytes
Redo Buffers 6365184 bytes
SYS:DB12c>
8.Specify the backup piece location while executing the Duplicate command, since this location is not cataloged in the database. Execute the duplicate database command with the “NOOPEN” option.
oracle@localhost:/oradata/DB12c/backup$ rman
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on Fri Jun 12 18:48:36 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
RMAN> connect auxiliary sys/syspwd
connected to auxiliary database: DB12C (not mounted)

RMAN> Duplicate database to 'DB12c' noopen
backup location '/oradata/DB12c/backup/’;
Starting Duplicate Db at 12-JUN-15
contents of Memory Script:
{
.
.
.
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=/oradata/DB12c/data/undotbs01.dbf RECID=1 STAMP=882211842
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=/oradata/DB12c/data/sysaux01.dbf RECID=2 STAMP=882211842
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=/oradata/DB12c/data/users01.dbf RECID=3 STAMP=882211842
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=1 STAMP=882211842 file name=/oradata/DB12c/data/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=2 STAMP=882211842 file name=/oradata/DB12c/data/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=882211842 file name=/oradata/DB12c/data/users01.dbf
Leaving database unopened, as requested
Cannot remove created server parameter file
Finished Duplicate Db at 12-JUN-15
9.Step-9: Start the database in upgrade mode with reset logs option
SYS:DB12c> alter database open resetlogs upgrade;
Database altered.
10.Step-10: Execute the catupgrade script using catctl.pl script:
oracle@localhost:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/rdbms/admin
$ /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/perl/bin/perl catctl.pl -n 4 -l /u01/app/oracle/log catupgrd.sql
Analyzing file catupgrd.sql
Log files in /u01/app/oracle/log
Parallelism 4 is used
11.The database upgrade will be executed in parallel using the Perl script “catctl.pl”. This is a new piece of functionality introduced in 12c. The database upgrade will be executed in phases. In case any particular phase fails, we can re-execute the upgrade from that particular phase using the command:
$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl catctl.pl -n 4 -l $ORACLE_HOME/diagnostics -p catupgrd.sql

Once the upgrade completes successfully, check the database component status through dba_registry view.

Summary

This feature is possible only when Duplicate command performed with backup, it is not possible with the Active duplication option. It is an alternative for the RMAN backup restore and recovery method.

ITRemote

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